Imyaka 30 irashize, mu Rwanda habaye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi igahitana abasaga miliyoni. Kuri ubu, igihugu cyariyubatse, by’umwihariko muri siporo, iterambere rirazamuka haba mu bikorwaremezo, kwitabira no kwakira amarushanwa atandukanye.
Siporo n’imikino biri mu byifashishijwe na bamwe mu kubiba urwango rwaganishije ku mugambi wa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ariko nyuma y’aho, yabaye inzira yo kugarura ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Banyarwanda.
Bamwe mu bakinaga icyo gihe, bavuga ko atari muri sosiyete gusa hagaragaraga imvugo zibiba urwango kuko no mu bakinnyi zaharangwaga.
Mu 2019, Kayiranga Baptiste wabaye umukinnyi n’Umutoza wa Rayon Sports, yabwiye IGIHE ati “Wasangaga umukinnyi ku giti cye, ashaka umwanya, akazi cyangwa amafaranga cyangwa ashaka kugutsinda, yakwitaga umututsi cyangwa inyenzi bitewe na politiki yariho icyo gihe, akabyuririraho.”
Munyemana Nuru wakiniraga Kiyovu Sports, yabwiye IGIHE ko no hanze y’ikibuga, hari abakinnyi bashyigikiraga ibikorwa bigamije ivangura no kubiba urwango.
Ati “Byari bihari, hari n’abakinnyi bamwe na bamwe babaga mu mashyaka, ku kibuga mwarabibonaga. Hanze y’ikibuga musohotse nibwo wabibonaga neza.”
Mu gitabo yise “Football, politique et violence milicienne au Rwanda: histoire d’un sport sous influences (1990-1994)” ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda ”Umupira w’amaguru, Politike n’ubwicanyi: Amateka ya Siporo yakoreshejwe hagati y’umwaka wa 1990 na 1994 ” , Umushakashatsi w’Ikigo cy’Abafaransa cy’Amateka cya CRH (Centre de Recherche Historiques), Dr Hélène Dumas, mu 2012 yagaragaje uburyo umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda wakoreshejwe mu mugambi wa Jenoside.
Yagaragaje ko kuva mu ntangiriro za 1980, amwe mu makipe yo mu cyiciro cya mbere yari ayobowe na bamwe mu bantu bari bakomeye mu ishyaka rya MRND ryari ku butegetsi.
Hélène yagaragaje kandi ko abo bayobozi bashatse gukoresha abafana b’umupira bari biganjemo urubyiruko mu kubacengezamo amatwara ya Jenoside ndetse bamwe mu bakinnyi bishe bagenzi babo.
Imikino yabaye inzira yo kongera guhuza Abanyarwanda
Nubwo hari aba-sportifs bijanditse muri Jenoside, hari abandi bagize uruhare mu gutabara bagenzi babo mu gihe hari n’abayirokotse kubera ko bari abakinnyi.
Ubwo Inkotanyi zari mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda mu 1993 ni bwo hashinzwe amakipe ya APR mu mikino itandukanye irimo umupira w’amaguru, Volleyball na Basketball, intego nyamukuru ari ubusabane.
Ayo makipe yakinnye imikino ya gicuti n’urubyiruko rw’abakombozi bo mu ishyaka PSD ndetse nyuma yo kubohora u Rwanda, APR FC yakinnye na Vital’o yo mu Burundi.
Nyuma gato ya Jenoside yahitanye Abatutsi basaga miliyoni imwe mu 1994, amashyirahamwe y’imikino yayobowe n’abasirikare bakuru.
Ubwo Jenoside yari irangiye, byari bigoye ko imikino yongera kuba kuko abakinnyi bari baratatanye ndetse bamwe barishwe.
Bamwe mu bakinnyi bari mu bafashe iya mbere basaba Umujyi wa Kigali ko wabafasha gusubukura imikino, aho umukino wabimburiye indi wahuje Kiyovu Sports na Rayon Sports icyo gihe yari yarasigaranye abakinnyi bacye cyane.
Munyemana yavuze ko imikino yakinwe nyuma gato ya Jenoside yagize uruhare mu kongera guhuza Abanyarwanda, abari hanze y’igihugu baratahuka.
Ati “Turi mu bantu ba mbere bagiye gukina irushanwa hanze Jenoside ikirangira. Twagiye gukina muri Congo Brazzaville na APR yari yasohotse. Turi i Brazzaville, Abanyarwanda benshi baje kutureba.”
“Hari umukinnyi twakinanaga witwaga Marcel Gatarayiha, umubyeyi we yabaga muri Tanzania, kubera ko umukino wanyuze kuri Radio, yaratwumvise kuko nanjye yari anzi, bwakeye ataha.”
Irushanwa ry’Igikombe cy’Amahoro ryashyizweho nyuma gato ya Jenoside mu 1995, na ryo ryagize uruhare rukomeye muri uko kongera guhuza Abanyarwanda nk’uko byagarutsweho na Murangwa Eric Eugène wakiniraga Rayon Sports icyo gihe.
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na IGIHE, Murangwa yavuze ko nyuma y’umukino wahuje Rayon Sports na Kiyovu Sports mu mpera za 1994, ari bwo Ikipe y’Igihugu ‘Amavubi’ yongeye gukina, n’imbere mu gihugu hashingwa amakipe atandukanye ashingiye ku gisirikare cyarimo urubyiruko rwinshi, hatangizwa Igikombe cy’Amahoro cyatumye Abanyarwanda bongera guhura, imiryango irasubirana.
Ati “Nyuma yaho habaye ibindi bikorwa bitandukanye, na none bifitanye isano n’urwo ruhare mu kubaka igihugu, mu gusana imitima y’Abanyarwanda yari yarashegeshwe n’ibibazo twari tuvuyemo bya Jenoside n’intambara yari imaze igihe kirekire.”
Ibi bikorwa byategurwaga byari bifitanye isano n’umurongo washyizweho n’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu.
Icyo gihe kugira ngo amakipe yongere abeho, abari bashinzwe ingabo mu turere tw’igihugu bagiye batangiza amakipe ashingiye ku rubyiruko bari bafite.
Birumvikana ko ayo makipe iyo yagendaga yabaga ari kumwe n’abafana bayo ndetse aho agiye agasangayo abandi bantu.
Murangwa yavuze ko icyo cyabaye imbarutso yo gufasha abantu kuva aho bari bakagenda bakagera n’ahandi.
Ati “Iyo wagendaga uvuye i Kigali ukagera i Huye, cyangwa ukava i Kigali ukajya i Musanze, byakubakagamo ikindi cyizere, byakubakagamo iyindi myumvire y’uko ubuzima bwagarutse.”
“Ndetse hari abantu bagiye babasha guhura n’ababo bari barabuze binyuze muri iyo nzira kuko mu gihe cya Jenoside abantu baratatanye, bamwe baragenda. Hari ababaga ari abana, akava hano akurikiye abantu, agahera i Musanze cyangwa i Rusizi. Uko kugenda binyuze mu Irushanwa ry’Amahoro byafashije imiryango imwe n’imwe kongera guhura.”
Siporo yagaruriye icyizere Abanyarwanda, yomora ibikomere bya bamwe
Ubwo Jenoside yari irangiye, hari abari abakinnyi bayirokotse, bongeye gutangira ubuzima bushya. Hari kandi n’abakiri bato bagizweho ingaruka na yo kandi bagombaga kwinjira mu buzima busanzwe, by’umwihariko bwa siporo bakundaga.
Umulisa Joselyne ukina, akanatoza Tennis, yavuze ko uyu mukino wamufashije gukira ibikomere yatewe na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na IGIHE, yagize ati “Nari mfite ubumuga nsa nk’aho nari naratewe na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, abaganga bari barantegetse gukora siporo. Tennis ni yo numvaga imfasha cyane kurusha iyindi mikino. Byaranakomeje iza kumfasha, icyo kibazo kirakemuka burundu.”
Nsabimana Eric ‘Zidane’ ukinira Police FC uyu munsi, ashengurwa no kuba Jenoside yaramutwaye Se, ariko uyu munsi ni umwe mu bakinnyi bamaze kugira byinshi bageraho.
Ubwo yaganiraga na IGIHE, Nsabimana yagize ati “Jenoside yabaye mfite umwaka umwe n’igice, papa yishwe muri Jenoside, ntabwo muzi isura gusa nzi izina. Barabimbwiye [uburyo yishwemo], yari inzira y’umusaraba itoroshye. Nabajije mama uko papa yari ameze, yarabinsobanuriye ambwira n’ukuntu yapfuye. “
Nsabimana ni umwe mu bari bagize Ikipe y’u Rwanda yakinnye Igikombe cy’Isi cy’Abatarengeje imyaka 17 cyabereye muri Mexique mu 2011. Nyuma yaho yakiniye amakipe atandukanye arimo APR FC na AS Kigali, ndetse n’Ikipe y’Igihugu nkuru “Amavubi”.
Si abo gusa kuko hari n’abandi ba-sportifs benshi banze guheranwa n’agahinda k’ibyo banyuzemo, none ubu bari mu bahesha u Rwanda ishema.
Siporo yatumye Abanyarwanda batareberwa gusa mu ndorerwamo y’ubwicanyi na Jenoside
Kuri bamwe, u Rwanda ruzwi nk’igihugu cy’abicanyi biturutse ku marorerwa yabaye mu myaka 27 ishize, Abatutsi basaga miliyoni imwe bakicwa n’abandi Banyarwanda basangiraga.
Gusa, imyaka 10 nyuma yaho, hari uburyo isura y’u Rwanda yahindutse ku rwego mpuzamahanga ubwo Amavubi yabonaga itike y’Igikombe cya Afurika mu 2004.
Kwitwara neza kw’Abanyarwanda bitabira amarushanwa mpuzamahanga mu mikino itandukanye byatumye benshi babona ko ari igihugu cyahindutse ndetse kuri ubu cyunze ubumwe.
Ibi ni bimwe mu bikubiye muri filime yakozwe ku Ikipe y’Igihugu ‘Amavubi’ y’Abatarengeje imyaka 17 yakinnye Igikombe cy’Isi cyabereye muri Mexique mu 2011.
Abakinnyi b’u Rwanda bari muri Mexiquebavutse nyuma ya tariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ubwo Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi yatangiraga, nyamara babaye Abambasaderi b’igihugu.
Mu 2013, umunyamakuru wo muri Sierra Leone, Sorious Samura, yakoze filime kuri iyi kipe yise “Rwanda 17, healing the nation” yibaza ukuntu igihugu cyabayemo ibibazo cyageze kuri byinshi, abavutse nyuma ya Jenoside batangiye kwera imbuto.
Muri iyo filime imara isaha imwe n’iminota ibiri, Major Gen Jean Bosco Kazura wari Umuyobozi wa FERWAFA, yavuze ko mu gutoranya abakinnyi bavuyemo abajya mu Gikombe cy’Isi batakurikije ubwoko cyangwa idini.
Ati “Dutoranya abakinnyi twakurikije ko ari Abanyarwanda, ntitwagendeye kuba ari Abahutu, Abatutsi cyangwa Abatwa.”
Mugabo Alfred uri mu bakinnye iryo rushanwa, yavuze ko bagiye muri Mexique bazi isura u Rwanda rufite hanze, baharanira kuruhagararira no kwerekana isura nyayo y’igihugu kimaze imyaka 17 kivuye muri Jenoside.
Ati “Iyo uvuze u Rwanda hanze benshi bumva Jenoside ariko turashaka kwerekana isura nshya ko hari amahoro bituma dushobora gukina umupira w’amaguru.”
Usengimana Faustin, ubu akinira Ikipe y’Igihugu nkuru, yavuze ko nubwo urubyiruko rwakoresheje imbaraga mu gusenya igihugu, bo bagerageza gutanga ibitekerezo n’umusanzu mu kucyubaka.
Muri iyi filme, Perezida Paul Kagame yabwiye Sorious Samura ko kuba u Rwanda rwarabonye itike y’Igikombe cy’Isi ari uko abasore bigiriye icyizere kuko nta kidashoboka nk’uko amateka yabyerekanye.
Ati “Turashaka gutera imbere, icya ngombwa ni uguha urubuga abantu bakagerageza amahirwe.”
Abajijwe icyo Abanyarwanda bakwigira kuri iyo kipe y’umupira w’amaguru, Perezida Kagame yagize ati “Twabigiraho gukorera hamwe nk’itsinda, gukorera ku ntego, guhuriza hamwe impano [ubumenyi] zigamije intsinzi rusange no guhesha ishema isura y’igihugu.”
Kuri ubu, u Rwanda rukomeje rugirirwa icyizere n’amahanga mu kwakira amarushanwa akomeye ku rwego rwa Afurika haba mu mupira w’Amaguru, Basketball, Volleyball, Amagare, Tennis no mu yindi mikino.
